ROSH HASHANAH AND THE RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD

ROSH HASHANAH AND RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD

Andre Widodo
© ORI

Shalom chaverim,

1 Corinthians 15:51-52

51 Look, I will tell you a secret — not all of us will die! But we will all be changed! 52 It will take but a moment, the blink of an eye, at the final shofar. For the shofar will sound, and the dead will be raised to live forever, and we too will be changed.

When will the resurrection of the dead take place? What does the chazal (sages) say about the resurrection of the dead according to Traditional Judaism? Did Rabbi Shaul use Oral Torah in 1 Corinthians 15:51-52?

Let's read the Talmud Rosh HaShanah 16b:

" R. Kruspedai said in the name of R. Johanan: Three books are opened [in heaven] on New Year, one for the thoroughly wicked, one for the thoroughly righteous, and one for the intermediate. The thoroughly righteous are forthwith inscribed definitively in the book of life; the thoroughly wicked are forthwith inscribed definitively in the book of death; the doom of the intermediate is suspended from New Year till the Day of Atonement; if they deserve well, they are inscribed in the book of life; if they do not deserve well, they are inscribed in the book of death. Said R. Abin, What text tells us this? — Let them be blotted out of the book of the living, and not be written with the righteous. ‘Let them be blotted out from the book — this refers to the book of the wicked. ‘Of life — this is the book of the righteous. ‘And not be written with the righteous’ — this is the book of the intermediate. R. Nahman b. Isaac derives it from here: And if not, blot me, I pray thee, out of thy book which thou hast written, ‘Blot me, I pray thee’ — this is the book of the wicked. ‘Out of thy book’ — this is the book of the righteous. ‘Which thou has written’ — this is the book of the intermediate.

It has been taught: Beth Shammai say, There will be three groups at the Day of Judgment — one of thoroughly righteous, one of thoroughly wicked, and one of intermediate. The thoroughly righteous will forthwith be inscribed definitively as entitled to everlasting life; the thoroughly wicked will forthwith be inscribed definitively as doomed to Gehinnom, as it says. And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life and some to reproaches and everlasting abhorrence. The intermediate will go down to Gehinnom."

The Talmud states that on Rosh HaShanah the dead will be raised (Talmud Rosh HaShanah 16b). This corresponds to the "last shofar" (Tekiah HaGadol) mentioned by Rabbi Shaul in 1 Corinthians 15:51-52.

INDONESIA:

1 Korintus 15:51

Sesungguhnya aku menyatakan kepadamu suatu rahasia: kita tidak akan mati semuanya, tetapi kita semuanya akan diubah,

1 Korintus 15:52

dalam sekejap mata, pada waktu bunyi shofar yang terakhir. Sebab shofar akan berbunyi dan orang-orang mati akan dibangkitkan dalam keadaan yang tidak dapat binasa dan kita semua akan diubah.

Kapan saat terjadinya kebangkitan yang dimaksud oleh Rabbi Shaul? Apa kata chazal (leluhur) tentang peristiwa kebangkitan ini di dalam Judaisme? Apakah Rabbi Shaul menggunakan Torah Oral?

Mari kita membaca Talmud Rosh HaShanah 16b:

" R. Kruspedai said in the name of R. Johanan: Three books are opened [in heaven] on New Year, one for the thoroughly wicked, one for the thoroughly righteous, and one for the intermediate. The thoroughly righteous are forthwith inscribed definitively in the book of life; the thoroughly wicked are forthwith inscribed definitively in the book of death; the doom of the intermediate is suspended from New Year till the Day of Atonement; if they deserve well, they are inscribed in the book of life; if they do not deserve well, they are inscribed in the book of death. Said R. Abin, What text tells us this? — Let them be blotted out of the book of the living, and not be written with the righteous. ‘Let them be blotted out from the book — this refers to the book of the wicked. ‘Of life — this is the book of the righteous. ‘And not be written with the righteous’ — this is the book of the intermediate. R. Nahman b. Isaac derives it from here: And if not, blot me, I pray thee, out of thy book which thou hast written, ‘Blot me, I pray thee’ — this is the book of the wicked. ‘Out of thy book’ — this is the book of the righteous. ‘Which thou has written’ — this is the book of the intermediate.

It has been taught: Beth Shammai say, There will be three groups at the Day of Judgment — one of thoroughly righteous, one of thoroughly wicked, and one of intermediate. The thoroughly righteous will forthwith be inscribed definitively as entitled to everlasting life; the thoroughly wicked will forthwith be inscribed definitively as doomed to Gehinnom, as it says. And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life and some to reproaches and everlasting abhorrence. The intermediate will go down to Gehinnom."

Di dalam Talmud jelas dikatakan bahwa peristiwa kebangkitan akan terjadi pada sat Rosh HaShanah (Talmud Rosh HaShanah 16b). Ini berhubungan dengan tiupan shofar terakhir yang dijelaskan Rabbi Shaul di 1 Korintus 15:51-52 (Tekiah HaGadol).